What does the term pica refer to in health contexts?

The term pica is specifically associated with the craving for and ingestion of nonfood substances, such as dirt, chalk, clay, or other items that are not typically considered edible. This behavior can be seen in various populations, including those with certain nutritional deficiencies, mental health conditions, or during specific life stages such as pregnancy.

Pica is clinically recognized and can have various health implications, depending on what substances are being ingested and whether they contain harmful properties. This distinguishes it from other eating behaviors such as cravings due to hormonal changes in pregnancy, selective eating practices, or a preference for fast food, which do not fall under the definition of pica. Understanding pica is important in transcultural healthcare because it highlights specific cultural and health-related practices and concerns that may require tailored healthcare interventions.